It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide. Basil ocimum basilicum is an aromatic, culinary, and medicinal herb which originates from asian countries such as india, pakistan, or iran. Pdf biological and pharmacological properties of the. On the basis of various experimental and clinical researches, the following pharmacological activities or medicinal properties of os have been reported. Some even use the oil as an aromatic, yet deadly, mosquito repellant. Basil is the main ingredient of pesto sauce but is also used to flavor other sauces and soups. This plant is mentioned in the ancient texts of ayurveda as an elixir of life life saving herb and worshipped for over 3000 years due to its healing properties. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil. In vitro medicinal studies on ocimum gratissimum leaves. The lamiacae, or mint family, is a family of herbs, shrubs, and trees comprising about 200 genera and 3200 species, many with a long history of medicinal and food use university of hawaii, 2014. In india use of plants as a medicine appeared in rigveda which has been written 3500 1600 b. The botany of more than 50 species of herbs and shrubs belonging to this genus is thoroughly reported, along with traditional uses and cultivation techniques. Ocimum tenuiflorum synonym ocimum sanctum, commonly known as holy basil or tulsi, is an aromatic perennial plant in the family lamiaceae. Chicks were divided into four treatments 30 birds each.
Philippine herbal medicine an illustrated compilation of philippine medicinal plants by dr godofredo stuart, with botanical information, chemical proerties, folkloric uses and research studies. It is also widely used in systems of indigenous medicine. Basil ocimum basilicum family lamiaceae mints basil is a green or red herb with a unique sweet yet sharp taste, its subtle liquorice flavour is earthy, full, and fresh. Basil tea is good for digestion, to expel gases, stomac h cr amps, constipa tion, diar rhoea and v omiting. It is a multipurpose medicinal herb commonly used in folk medicines to treat different diseases like upper respiratory tract infections, diarrhea, headaches, eye problems, skin disease, pneumonia, coughs, fevers, and conjunctivitis5. Known as tulasi, the plant is worshipped as dear to vishnu in some sects of vaishnavism. It is an secret, much branched subshrub 3060cm tall, with simple opposite green or purple leaves that are strongly scented, and hairy stems.
Since basil is a rich source of natural compounds, details on the several chemical constituents of essential oil, plant. It helps digestion and prevents stomach spasms and is very useful in cases of stomach pain, gastritis, of hiatal hernia, flatulence, heartburn, etcinfusion of a handful of dry leaves about 15 gr. Antibacterial activity of ocimum basilicum essential oil. Basil is used in both ayurvedic and unani system of medicine and is also popular for its culinary and ornamental uses. Therapeutic uses of ocimum sanctum linn tulsiseveral medicinal properties have been attributed to ocimum sanctum l. Effect of methanolic leaf extract of ocimum basilicum l. Basil is used for stomach spasms, loss of appetite, intestinal gas, kidney conditions, fluid retention, head colds, warts, and worm infections. In particular, it has been used for thousands of years in ayurvedic medicine for various types of healing. Other uses of ocimum gratissimum are still being studied in 2011, particularly the use of the essential oil as an analgesic, or pain reliever. Medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum bimbima. Medicinal the leaves are made into a paste that is used in the. A study of basil using standardized descriptors 119 volatile oil constituents were determined by gas chromatography.
Sweet basil ocimum basilicum is a sunloving annual with highly aromatic leaves that has a pleasant spicy odor and taste somewhat like anise or cloves. Ocimum basilicum ocimum basilicum health effects and herbal facts. It is regarded as an elixir of life and is believed to promote longevity. Basil is a popular herb, and some people use it for medicinal purposes. Internal use preparations with basil leaves digestive. Asthma cosmetic cough emmenagogue fever insectifuge.
Abeer hamdan abdullah bahamdan, magda mohammad aly, sameera omer bafeel, antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of the essential oil of ocimum basilicum, collected from jeddah region, saudi arabia, journal of microbiology research, vol. Ocimum basilicum sweet basil is related to other similar species. American international journal of contemporary research vol. It is used to tr ea t mental f atigue, ner vous conditions and hyssop for cough. It also works well as a beauty or weight loss treatment. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. Introduction since the advent of synthetic chemicals, the use of natural products in medicinal and pesticidal applications has reduced. Sweet basil is commonly grown as an aromatic culinary and medicinal herb in warm temperate and tropical climates. Most varieties are treated as annuals but some are perennial in warmer climates. It acts principally on the digestive and nervous systems, easing flatulence, stomach cramps, colic and indigestion. The genus ocimum has a number of species that are used to treat different types of disorders and diseases from ancient times. Are you aware of the benefits of ocimum gratissimum scent or nchanwu leaf. Sweet basil ocimum basilicum is regarded as an environmental weed in western australia and queensland. However, mechanisms underlying the reported hypolipidaemic effect of this plant have not been investigated.
Basil is an important economic crop producing annually c. Safety assessment of ocimum basilicum hydroalcoholic. Ocimum basilicum has at least 60 varieties, which further complicates taxonomy. The plants are predominantly herbs, shrubs or under importance. It is also used to treat snake and insect bites women sometimes use basil before and after childbirth to promote blood circulation, and also to start the. The lamiaceae family, which includes basil, sage, and thyme, has long been recognized as a rich source of diverse and unique anthocyanins. The medicinal value of this herb is recognised by ayurveda. Researchers reveal that basil contains varieties of essential oils that are rich in polyphenolic and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and anthocyanins. Sweet basil has been used for thousands of years as a culinary and medicinal herb. Ocimum taxonomy, medicinal potentialities and economic value of essential oil. Both the leaves and their essential oils are used as.
Ocimum basilicum, also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family lamiaceae mints basil is native to tropical regions from central africa to southeast asia. From ancient times, medicinal and aromatic plants have been of great use for curing various diseases and ailments. The taxonomic identification of plant material was. The juice extracted from fresh leaves is folk medicine to treat respiratory disorders, fever, ear pain etc. The free radicals are oxidizing agents, having one or more unpaired.
Health benefits of holy basil tulsi ocimum tenuiflorum. Lino 2005, navarro 2003, pinho 2012, sacchetti 2004. It has at times been treated as a number of distinct species, in particular ocimum suave willd. The best known species are the strongly aromatic herb ocimum basilicum thai basil and ocimum gratissimum african basil as well as the medicinal herb ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as ocimum sanctum holy basil or tulsi in hindi. Most people are familiar with sweet basil, ocimum basilicum, the common culinary basil, but the. Sweet basil ocimum basilicum will grow to a size of 12 feet in height. In vitro analyses document antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity. The use of ocimum basilicum as medicinal plant could be beneficial for cardiovascular system 32. However, the scenario is once again chang ing in the li ght of environmental and other secondary effects of synthetic products. Properties of plants as a source of medicine were studied in detailed in ayurveda which is considered the foundation of all the medical sciences 2. The health benefits of holy basil tulsi ocimum tenuiflorum. Tradition has it that basil was found growing around christs tomb after the resurrection, and consequently, some greek orthodox churches use it to prepare holy water and pots of basil are set below church altars.
Hypolipidaemic activity of aqueous ocimum basilicum. There are many varieties and related species or species hybrids also called basil. The parts of the plant that grow above the ground are used to make medicine. Mint lamiaceae a sweet lettuce leaf type that is tall, uniform, and slow to bolt. Home shop basil, mrihani ocimum basilicum, packet of 30 seeds, organic basil, mrihani ocimum basilicum, packet of 30 seeds, organic rated 5. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of cardioprotective. The extraction was done in a clevenger apparatus, coupled to a bottom flask of 500 ml. Polyphenolics and their antioxidant potential in cultivars of ocimum basilicum.
Ocimum basilicum lamiaceae is widely distributed in tropical and warm temperate regions. The objectives of the present study were phytochemical screening and study of the effects of ethanolic extract of aerial parts of ocimum basilicum basil on cardiac functions and histopathological changes in isoproterenolinduced myocardial infarction mi. A total of 120 dayold chicks were reared for 42 days. Ocimum tenuiflorum also known as ocimum sanctum, tulsi. Data source and references for ocimum basilicum sweet. Most people are familiar with sweet basil, ocimum basilicum, the common culinary basil, but the world of basils offers a wide array of plants with a great diversity of flavors, scents, and uses. Studies of antimicrobial properties of different leaf. The extraction time was fixed in 4 hours, after reaching the boiling temperature around 69 c. Basil ocimum basilicum, lamiaceae is also known as albahaca, st. Commercial potentialities of essential oil of ocimum members. Biological and pharmacological properties of the sweet basil.
Public statement on the use of herbal medicinal products. Ocimum basilicum tincture significantly reduced the total leukocyte count, monocyte percentage, activation of circulating phagocytes, but had a slight inhibitory effect on no synthesis. Therefore, in the present study, acute and subchronic toxicity of o. Because of multifarious potentialities and fine aroma chemicals, ocimum possesses tremendous medicinal. Global journal of frontier research volume xivx i s s v vii y ea r. It is universally cultivated as herbaceous, perennial plant but originated from asian continent. Ocimum sanctum or holy basil is an ancient herb popular for its curative properties to treat number of health disorders. Prefers a rich light welldrained to dry soil1, 27, 238.
Issued as a pdf on the internet, it contains basic information on over 250 species of plants used for food in benin. Here, learn about the possible health benefits and how to add basil to the diet. Ocimum taxonomy, medicinal potentialities and economic. Basil, mrihani ocimum basilicum, packet of 30 seeds. Ocimum basilicum, commonly called basil, is a native of africa and asia. Requires a sunny sheltered position if grown outdoors52. Some of the more popular basils include sweet, specialty fragrant. Ocimum gratissimum is a variable, polymorphic species with many forms. The economic importance and global dissemination of basil, with its many uses in cooking and folk medicine, make it important to investigate its pharmacological and.
Generating an epub file may take a long time, please be patient. Externally, they have been applied for the treatment of acne, loss of smell, insect stings, snake bites and skin infections12. The leaves and flowering tops are antispasmodic, aromatic, carminative, digestive, galactogogue, stomachic and tonic. Other plant species within the genus are commercially available in capsule and tablet forms.
August 2014 151 pingale et al 24 reported that extract of o. Find ocimum basilicum stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. Levels of linalool, 1,8cineol and eugenol were determined in all samples. Basil is commonly used for stomach problems such as spasms, loss of appetite, intestinal gas, diarrhea, constipation, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support. Depending on the species and cultivar, the leaves may taste somewhat like anise, with a strong, pungent, often. The anticancer activity of os has been proved and cited by several investigators8 11. Data source and references for ocimum basilicum sweet basil from the usda plants database. Pdf biological and pharmacological properties of the sweet. Aug 12, 2018 medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum sweet basil is a common medicinal herb and used in treatment of various diseases from time immemorial. Lamiaceae commonly known as sweet basil, has been used as a traditional medicinal plant for the treatment of headaches, coughs. Pdf ocimum basilicum is a common herb that is known for its ornamental and therapeutic importance. Basil, ocimum basilicum the international herb society has designated basil as the herb of the year 2003. Ocimum basilicum sweet basil, common basil, thai basil. It is native to the indian subcontinent and widespread as a cultivated plant throughout the southeast asian tropics tulsi is cultivated for religious and traditional medicine purposes, and for its essential oil.
Basil also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family lamiaceae mints. Ocimum basilicum is one of the medicinal plants widely used in morocco to reduce plasma cholesterol and to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. The development of intensely purple pigmented basil in the ornamental and herb trade prompted this examination of eight commercial varieties of purple basils ocimum basilicum l. Medicinal plant sweet basil ocimum basilicum sweet basil is a common medicinal herb and used in treatment of various diseases from time immemorial. On the therapeutic uses of ocimum sanctumtulsi pharmatutor. Antioxidative stress the protective effect of essential oils and watersoluble extracts derived from three different cultivars of sweet basil has been evaluated in cultured cardiomyocytes. Phytochemical constituents and phar macological activities of.
Limebasil is called ocimum americanum, holy basil is called ocimum tenuiflorum, and african basil is called ocimum gratissimum. This family includes some of the most wellknown herbs containing essential oils including lavender, sage, basil, mint and oregano. Despite the medicinal properties that basil has, there are also a number of other uses, such as it is used in foods and beverages and can be. It is particularly good for reducing depression, stress and anxiety. Researchers agree that this plant has a huge medicinal values that depend on certain active chemical substances, which have physiological impact on the human body. Effect of using fenugreek,curled parsley and ocimum. No clinical data exist to provide dosing recommendations for amazonian basil. Sweet basil is commonly grown as an aromatic culinary and medicinal herb. In this paper, we evaluated genotoxic, oxidative, and antiinflammatory parameters from the extract of ocimum basilicum. Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of the.
The leaves can be used fresh or dried for use as a spice. Phytochemical constituents and phar macological activities. The use of appropriate cultivar of basil ocimum basilicum can. It was added 30 g of crushed leaves of basil and 300 ml of water into the flask. Each treatment contained three replicates of 10 birds. Study of pharmacological effect of ocimum basilicum. Phytochemicals, phenolic content, antioxidant, free radical scavenging and antimicrobial potentials. Kegg analysis identified 501 and 952 transcripts from o. Though the plant is not used alone in providing this relief, it has shown success when administered in unison with other proven. In vitro medicinal studies on ocimum gratissimum leaves usunobun usunomena, uwadiae eseosa department of basic sciences biochemistry unit, faculty of basic and applied sciences, benson idahosa university, p. The leaves of plant contain methylchaylcol, linalol, eugenol, thymol and xanthamicrol. Variations in soil type and rainfall may also equate to a difference in the size and form of the. Safety assessment of ocimum basilicum hydroalcoholic extract. This species is very commonly cultivated in gardens as a culinary herb, and numerous cultivars and varieties are available.